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Research Article

Frequency of Tonsilloliths in the Panoramic Radiographs of Patients Who are Candidates for Kidney Transplant: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shiraz, South of Iran-The Incidence of Tonsillolith in ESRD

Azita Azad, Jannan Ghapanchi, Fahimeh Rezazadeh, Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar, Azita Sadeghzadeh, Armaghan Tarjan and Zahra Mansouri*

Corresponding Author: Zahra Mansouri, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.

Received: June 09, 2024 ;    Revised: June 17, 2024 ;    Accepted: June 20, 2024 ;   Available Online: August 14, 2024

Citation: Azad A, Ghapanchi J, Rezazadeh F, Haghnegahdar A, Sadeghzadeh A, et al. (2024) Frequency of Tonsilloliths in the Panoramic Radiographs of Patients Who are Candidates for Kidney Transplant: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shiraz, South of Iran-The Incidence of Tonsillolith in ESRD. J Oral Health Dent Res, 4(1): 1-4.

Copyrights: ©2024 Azad A, Ghapanchi J, Rezazadeh F, Haghnegahdar A, Sadeghzadeh A, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Introduction: As dystrophic calcifications, tonsilloliths are calcified compositions located in enlarged tonsillar crypts. These stones may be more prevalent in some systemic diseases such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to osteodistrophic changes.

Objectives: The aim of this survey was evaluating the prevalence of tonsillar stones in the panoramic radiographs of CKD compared to healthy subjects.

Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 140 panoramic views of CKD patients who were candidates for kidney transplant and 140 healthy individuals were included. The images were observed on a Barco monitor (China) in a semi-darkened room and evaluated by two calibrated oral radiologists and post graduate students.

Results: In CKD group, three cases (16.6%) had right side, nine (50%) had left side, and six (33.3%) had tonsilloliths on both sides. Four cases (2.85%) of kidney transplant group also had both tonsillar stones and calcified stylohyoid ligament. In normal group, four (57%) of the subjects had both sides, two (28.5%) had right side and one (14.2%) had left side stones. All of the lith sizes were estimated smaller than 5 mm, and most were diagnosed as 2-7 oval, round or irregular particles in shape.

Conclusion: This study result showed that tonsilloliths were more prevalent on panoramic radiographs of kidney transplant cases. Dentists should be familiar with these entities and their oral manifestations.

Keywords: Tonsilloliths, Panoramic radiograph, Kidney transplant, Chronic kidney disorder

Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Tonsilloliths are calcified compositions located in enlarged tonsillar crypts that may be more prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to osteodistrophic changes. This study result showed that tonsilloliths were more prevalent on panoramic radiographs of kidney transplant cases. Dentists should be familiar with these entities and their oral manifestations.

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